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Vairagyasataka of Bhartrhari: With Hindi and English Translations and Purport

A Critical Edition Based on Sarada Manuscripts by: Sugyan Kumar Mahanty

The Vairāgyaśataka of Bhartr̥hari is a part of his Śatakatrayī in which he extols the importance of seclusion, while refuting the merit of addiction, attachment, desire, lust, dissatisfaction and the exclusive control over materialism to attain a peaceful existence. It inspires one to attain supreme bliss by renunciation and spiritual pursuit.

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ISBN: 9788124612996
Year Of Publication: 2025
Edition: 1 st
Pages : xxxi, 216
Bibliographic Details : Bibliography, slokanukramanika
Language : English, Hindi, Sanskrit
Binding : Paperback
Publisher: D.K. Printworld Pvt. Ltd.
Size: 22
Weight: 366 grams

Overview

The Vairāgyaśataka of Bhartr̥hari is a part of his collective masterpiece Satakatrayī, the other two being the Nītiśataka and Śr̥ṅgāraśataka. The present volume is based on Kasmiri Śāradā manuscripts and provides translations and purports of each stanza both in Hindi and English.

This work extols the importance of seclusion, while refuting the merit of addiction, attachment, desire, lust, dissatisfaction and the exclusive control over materialism to attain a peaceful existence. It talks about the futility of desire and condemns infatuation, while highlighting the ignobility of servitude and underscoring the repulsiveness of lasciviousness towards women. It calls for renunciation, detachment from the fruits of action and liberation from sensual objects and desires.

While the work portrays the growing apathy towards worldly attractions and pleasures, it unveils the secrets of the significance of life, by which one should experience the transcendental reality through spiritualism. It essentially invites and inspires one to attain supreme bliss by renunciation and spiritual pursuit.

Contents

Contents

मङ्गलवाक् — जगद्गुरु श्री रामभद्राचार्य                                                       v

            पुराेवाक् — श्रीनिवास वरखेडी                                                               ix

         Prelude — Banamali Biswal                                       xi

         Preface                                                                       xix

         Abbreviations                                                           xxiii

  1. Introduction                                                                1

The Life and Contributions of Bhartr̥hari                 1

The Editions of the Vairāgyaśataka                           5

Manuscripts of the Vairāgyaśataka                           7

Kāśmīrī Śāradā Manuscripts of the Vairāgyaśataka    8

The Text of the Vairāgyaśataka                                 9

The Teachings in the Vairāgyaśataka                      14

  1. The Vairāgyaśataka: A Critical Edition                19

Invocation (मंगलाचरण)                                                 20

Disapproval of Addiction (आसक्ति की निन्दा)                22

Rejection of Good-Sayings in the Society                23

(समाज में सुभाषितों की अग्राह्यता)

Absurdity of Desire (तृष्णा की अनुपशमनीयता)                   25

Desire: The Root Cause of Dissatisfaction               26

(तृष्णा : असन्तोष का मूल कारण)

Futility of Desire (तृष्णा की निरर्थकता)                               28

World Is Under the Wine of Infatuation                 29

(सम्पूर्ण संसार मोह के नशे में)

Alienation from Entreaty of the Individuals           31
with Magnanimity (मनस्वी पुरुष की याचना से विमुखता)

Insignificance of Livelihood by Servitude                32

(दासत्व से आजीविका की तुच्छता)

Inevitability of Death (मृत्यु की अवश्यम्भाव्यता)                 33

Condemnation of Enslaved Livelihood                   34

(पराश्रित वृत्ति की निन्दा)

Secret of the Significance of Life                              35

(जीवन की सार्थकता का रहस्य)

The Endlessness of Craving (तृष्णा की अन्तहीनता)           37

Absolute Success Is the Result of Disassociation     38
with Karma (अनासक्त कर्मोपासना से ही शाश्वत-सिद्धि की प्राप्ति)

Agelessness of Desire (तृष्णा की नित्य नवीनता)                   40

Censuring Exclusive Dominion over                       41
Material Things (भौतिक वस्तु पर अनन्य प्रभुत्व की निन्दा)

Extrication to Sensual Objects: The Cause of          42
Eternal Happiness (विषयों का परित्याग : अनन्त सुख का कारण)

Ubiquity of Lust (काम-वासना की सर्वव्यापकता)                   44

Irreconcilability of Sensual Desires                          46

(विषयों की अपरित्याज्यता)

Repulsiveness of Lasciviousness to Feminine          48

(कामिनी-कामुकता की बीभत्सता)

Delusion Causes Imprudence                                  51

(मोह ही विवेकशून्यता का कारण)

Complacent Safeguards Self-Respect                      53

(सन्तोष से स्वाभिमान-रक्षा)

Condemnation of Arrogance (अहंकार की निन्दा)            55

Dignity of Scholarship (वैदुष्य का स्वाभिमान)                   56

Condemning Arrogance of Domination                 58

(प्रभुत्व-जनित अहंकार की निन्दा)

Despicableness of Soliciting Before Kings                60

(राजाओं से याचना की तुच्छता)

Sycophancy of Kings (राजाओं की चाटुलालसापरता)            61

Abuser’s Meanness (गाली देने वाले की नीचता)                    63

Scholarship Destroys of Worldly Sorrows               64

(विद्वत्ता से दुःखनाश)

Reason for Significance of Birth                               66

(जन्म की सार्थकता का कारण)

Abstaining from the Influence of the Rich              67

(धनाढ्यों की वशवर्तिता की अस्वीकार्यता)

Insignificance of Material Wealth                            69

(भौतिक वैभव की तुच्छता)

Sciolism: The Source of Ego (अल्पज्ञता से अहंकार)           70

Penance: The Way to Achieve the Best                   72

(तप-साधन से परम श्रेय)

Self: The Abode of Happiness (प्रसन्नता की आत्मनिष्ठता)    74

Repentance for the Past cannot Reclaim the Virtue 76

(पश्चात्ताप मा से आत्मकल्याण की असाध्यता)

God as the Ultimate Abode (परमात्मा ही अन्तिम आश्रय)    77

All Gulping Nature of Time (काल का सर्वग्रासित्व)           78

Transience of the World (संसार की नाशशीलता)                79

Changing Game of Time (काल की परिवर्तनशील क्रीडा)       81

Eternal Happiness through Spiritual Experience    82

(आध्यात्मिक अनुभूति से शाश्वत सुख)

Equilibrium Everywhere (सर्व समभाव)                         83

         The State of Meditative Consciousness                    84
(
समाधि की स्थिति)

Edeavour for Spiritual Practice (अध्यात्म-साधना हेतु यत्न) 85

Sense Gratification: The Cause of Frustration         86

(इन्द्रिय-तृप्ति ही निराशा की जननी)

Lack of Discernment Causes of Downfall               87

(अविचारित कर्म ही पतन का कारण)

The Secret of Perpetual Happiness (शाश्वत सुख का रहस्य)    88

Desire: The Cause of Sorrow (आशा ही दुःखों का कारण)   90

Restlessness of Mind (मन की चञ्चलता)                           91

Restricting of Sense Gratification                             93

(विषय-वासना से निवृत्ति)

Hoax of Renunciation Is Self-deprivation               94

(वैराग्य का छल आत्म-वञ्चना का प्रतिरूप)

Reproaching Enslavement (दासत्व की निन्दा)                  96

Intangibility of the World (संसार की सारहीनता)               97

Desire Is Poverty: Contentment Is Prosperity         98

(तृष्णा ही दरिद्रता है : सन्तोष ही सम्पन्नता)

Result of Austerity (तपस्या का परिणाम)                           99

Glory of Monks (संन्यासियाें की महिमा)                        101

Abdication of Yearning for Wealth                       102

(धन-संग्रह की अनावश्यकता)

Path of Penance: The Gateway to the                   104
Ultimate Virtue (तपोमार्ग ही परम श्रेय का द्वार)

Attainment of Supreme Consciousness through 105
the Practice of Equanimity (योग-साधना से ही ध्येय-प्राप्ति)

Censuring Entreaty Among Compeers                 107

(बन्धुओं में याचना की निन्दा)

Renunciation Is Equanimity between                    108
Praise and Criticism (स्तुति और निन्दा में समभाव ही संन्यास)

Way to Ultimate Happiness (परमानन्द-प्राप्ति के मार्ग)    110

Conquer the World through Renunciation           111

(वैराग्य से संसार पर विजय)

Focusing on the Reality (परम-तत्त्व का आसंग)               112

Dissoluteness of Worldly Attachments                  113

(सांसारिक आसक्तियाें की लम्पटता)

Hellishness of Lust (कामासक्ति की नरकोन्मुखता)               114

Paths to Welfare (कल्याण के मार्ग)                                115

Insignificance of Wealth to a Recluse                    117

(निःस्पृह व्यक्ति के लिए धन की तुच्छता)

Hedonism Causes Discrimination                          117

(विषयासक्ति ही भेद का कारण)

Sensuality: The Source of Inequality                      118

(विषमता की जननी विषय-वासना)

Abandonment of a Doomed World                       119

(विनाशोन्मुखी संसार का त्याग)

Denunciation of Humility before the People         121
Infatuated with Wealth (धन-मत्तों के सामने दीनता की निन्दा)

Reproofing Humility before the Arrogant Kings  122

(राजाओं के सामने दीनता की निन्दा)

Dependency Results in Affront (पराश्रय ही                123

अपमान का कारण)

Transience of Life (जीवन की चञ्चलता)                           124

Non-attachment to Karma (आसक्ति-रहित कर्मोपासना)   125

Peace through Spiritual Knowledge Only             127

(तत्त्व-ज्ञान से ही शान्ति)

Characteristics of Renunciation (वैराग्य का स्वरूप)      128

Superiority of Contemplation of Supreme            129
Consciousness (ब्रह्म-तत्त्व के चिन्तन की श्रेष्ठता)

Self as the Domain of Bliss (आनन्द की आत्मनिष्ठता)        130

Delusion Causes Ignorance (मोह ही अज्ञान का जनक)     131

Ultimate Happiness through Renunciation Only 132
(वैराग्य से ही परम सुख)

Insignificance of Worldly Pleasures in Front         133
of the Knowledge of Supreme Bliss
(ब्रह्मानन्द के सामने सांसारिक भोग की तुच्छता)

Superiority of the Joy of Supreme Consciousness 135
over Heavenly Bliss (ब्रह्मानन्द की स्वर्गसुख से भी श्रेष्ठता)

Contemplation of Brahman Is the Path to            136
Salvation (ब्रह्म का चिन्तन ही मुक्ति का मार्ग)

Calmness of the Resolute Person (मनस्वी की स्थिरता)   137

Lust Causes Indiscretion (कामान्धता से विवेकहीनता)        138

Ephemerality of the Material Means of                 139

Happiness (भौतिक सुख-साधनों की अनित्यता)

Characteristic of a True Ascetic (तपस्वी का प्रकृष्ट लक्षण)   140

Unification with Supreme Consciousness (ब्रह्मलीनता)    141

Timely Efforts for Spiritual Attainment                 142

(आध्यात्मिक साधना के लिए समयानुकूल प्रयास की सार्थकता)

Futility of Life without the Pursuit of Puruṣārtha 143

(पुरुषार्थ-प्राप्ति के बिना जीवन की निष्फलता)

Devotion to God Is the Ultimate Goal (परमात्मा की   144

भक्ति ही परम लक्ष्य)

Proper Use of Knowledge Only Leads to              145
Salvation (ज्ञान के सदुपयोग से ही मुक्ति)

Delusion of Happiness (सुख का भ्रम)                          147

Infinite Bliss Attains through Abstract                  148
Meditation Only (समाधि से ही शाश्वत सुख)

Austerity: The Way to Free from Worldly             149
Sufferings (तप साधन द्वारा सांसारिक दुःखों से मुक्ति)

The Superiority of Devotion to Śiva                       150

(शिवाराधना की श्रेष्ठता)

Devotion to Śiva Confiscates Lust                         151

(शिव-भक्ति से कामविकारहीनता)

Futility of the World for an Ascetic                       152

(योगी के लिए संसार की असारता)

Diverging the Mind from Worldly Pleasures        153

(सांसारिक सुखों से मन को हटाना)

Vanity of Life by Mortal Desires                            154

(नश्वर इच्छाओं से निरर्थक क्षीयमाण जीवन)

Every Worldly Matter Has Fear of Destruction    156

(प्रत्येक पार्थिव वस्तु को नाश का भय)

Margins of Lifespan (जीवनकाल की अत्यल्प सीमा)            157

Entity’s Subjugation by Disease and Death          158

(व्याधि-मृत्यु द्वारा प्राणियों की आक्रान्तता)

Despondency of Human Life (मनुष्य-जीवन की दुःखमयता)    159

Desertion of Excessive Acquisitiveness                  160

(अतितृष्णा की परित्याज्यता)

Unawareness to Spiritual Attainment                   162

(आध्यात्मिक प्राप्ति के प्रति अजागरुकता)

Absolute Instability of the World (संसार की सम्पूर्ण      163

अस्थिरता)

Attributes Are also Instable (गुणों की भी अस्थिरता)       164

Inevitability of Death in the World                        165

(संसार में मृत्यु की अवश्यम्भाविता)

  1. Notes on Variations between the Text of           167
    Śāradā Manuscript and That of
    Other Available Editions

वैराग्यशतकस्य इतरसंस्करणेषु उपलब्धपाठेभ्यः शारदापाठस्य
वैशिष्ट्यमधिकृत्य टिप्पण्यः

सन्दर्भ-ग्रन्थ सूची Bibliography                                         183

            श्लाेकानुक्रमणिका (देवनागरी लिपि में)                                              185

Ślokānukramaṇikā (in Roman)                              193

Manuscript in Śāradā Lipi             201

Meet the Author
avatar-author
    1968
    Dr Sugyan Kumar Mahanty, working as a Senior Assistant Professor in the Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan, Vedavyas Campus, Himachal Pradesh has twenty years of experience in teaching postgraduate students and research other than eight years’ stint at Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan. He has published Kavyaprakashiyasudhasagaratika-samiksha, a book on Indian poetics through Lokabhasha Prachar Samiti, Puri (Orissa) in 2001. Another book Kavyashastra compiled by him was published by M.P. Bhoj Open University, Bhopal in 2005. Abhidhavrittimatrika of Mukulabhatta with a Sanskrit Commentary Shubodhini and a Hindi commentary Sangamani was published by Chowkhamba Krishnadas Akademi, Varanasi, in 2008. His Kavyatattvalokah on comparative literary criticism of East and West, is another masterpiece in Sanskrit to his credit, got published by Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth, Tirupati, in 2010. Natyalamkaratarangini, a book of compiled research papers on Indian poetics and dramaturgy, edited by Dr Mahanty was published by Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthanam,Vedavyas Campus, HP. There are about 100 research papers and thirty short poems to his credit, published in renowned journals. He is the Editor-in-Chief of Praciprajna, the UGC-listed refereed peer reviewed e-journal in Sanskrit: https://sites.google.com/site/praachiprajnaa.

    “Vairagyasataka of Bhartrhari: With Hindi and English Translations and Purport”


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