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Historical Geography of Orissa

by: J.K. Sahu

This work presents a study of the historical geography of Orissa. It uses literary and other sources to delve into the ancient, medieval and modern periods of Orissa’s growth and underline the historico-geographical significance of various kingdoms.

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ISBN: 9788186921005
Year Of Publication: 1997
Edition: 1st
Pages : xxiv, 324
Language : English
Binding : Hardcover
Publisher: Decent Books
Size: 23 cm.
Weight: 600

Overview

The region of Orissa, from the point of view of studies in historical geography, has always remained a challenging area, not least owing to its vast and complicated history, varied geography and intriguing sources. Though the historical geography of this region has been considered for analysis in the past, it has only been featured as a chapter or in a section as part of a larger whole. Thus, this work is perhaps the first attempt to present a comprehensive research study of the historical geography of Orissa. The author, guided by long research experience, culls material from all available sources — literary, epigraphic, etc. — to subject the theme to a systematic analysis that leaves not a facet of the subject unexplored. He describes and delves into the ancient, medieval and modern periods of historical growth to underline the historico-geographical significance of various kingdoms and places of importance that emerged, flourished and disintegrated at different times — as Kalinga; South Koshala; Odri, Utkala or Toshala; Trikalinga; and the many Mandala states. He studies the physical features of the area, the mountain system of the Orissa state and its rivers, with a view to showing how they have shaped its history. The transport and communication routes in the region since ancient times are retraced to reveal the region’s strong cultural and economic foundations among other things. This book, from first to last, unfolds a wealth of interesting and useful information. Complete with an exhaustive bibliography, index and maps of Orissa, the book can immensely aid further research works on the subject.

Contents

Preface
Transliteration Table
Abbreviations
Maps
1. The Prologue
Naming of Orissa — A Historical Study
The People
Language
Script (Lipi)
2. Kalinga
Origin of the Kingdom of Kalinga — Puranic Theory
The Kalingas as a Tribe
The Baudhayana Dharmasutra
The Extent of Kalinga
Kalinga under Nanda Rule
Kalinga under the Mauryas
The Atavika Country
Kalinga under the Shungas and Kanvas
The Mahameghavahanas
The Satavahanas
Kalinga on the Eve of Samudragupta’s Invasion
Invasion of Samudragupta
Kalinga under the Matharas
The Vasishthas
The Eastern Gangas
Administrative Divisions of Kalinga under the Gangas
Metropolises of Kalinga
Dantapura — Paloura — Pithunda — Jaugada and Samapa — Kalinganagara — Simhapura — Kalingapattana — Vishakhapattana — Chikhalipatna-Pura — Jayantipura
Important Villages
3. South Koshala
The Parvatadvarakas
The Arang Copperplate Charter
The Sharabhapuriyas
The Panduvamshis (cir ad 700 to 800)
The Somavamshis
The Telugu-chodas
The Kalacuris
4. Utkala, Odra and Toshala
Utkala
Puranic Origin — The Utkalas as a People — The Meaning of Utkala — Extent of Utkala
Odra
Puranic Origin — The Odras as a People — Geographical Location
Toshala or Toshali
5. Trikalinga
Trilinga and Tilinga in Early Literature
Trikalinga in Epigraphs
Views of Scholars
Historical Analysis
6. Feudatory Mandala States
Kongoda-Mandala
Shvetaka-Mandala
Administrative Divisions — Capital City
Khinjali-Mandala
The Capital City — Bhanjas of Vanjulvaka — Vishayas and Villages — Khinjali Under the Somavamshis — Khinjali Mandala Under the Gangas
Khijjinga-Mandala
Kodalaka-Mandala
Airavatta-Mandala
Yamagartta-Mandala
Banai Mandala
Cakrakota-Mandala
Khindarishringa-Mandala
Amvavadi-Mandala
7. Mountains
Kula-Parvata
Mahendragiri — The Vindhyas — Malayagiri
Mountains of Historical Importance
The Asia Range — Dhauligiri — Udayagiri-Khandagiri-Nilagiri — Kapilas — Gonasika — The Baula Parvata — Jagamanda — Gandhamardana — Devagiri — Similipal — Barapahar
8. Rivers
The Mahanadi
Tributaries of the Mahanadi — The Mahanadi Delta
The Brahmani
The Vaitarani
Suvarnarekha
The Burhabalanga
The Rishikulya
The Vamshadhara
The Nagavali (Langulya)
The Godavari
The Indravati
The Kolab or Savari
The Macchakunda or the Matsya River
9. Routes and Highways
10. The Epilogue
Dismemberment of South Orissa
Disintegration of North Orissa
Bibliography
Index

Meet the Author
avatar-author
1933
Jagna Kumar Sahu (b. 1933), a historian with profound knowledge of Sanskrit and epigraphy, is a reputed name in the field of Orissan studies. He has taught in leading colleges in Orissa for more than three decades and authored about 25 books in his area of specialization. He has also published over 50 articles in various prestigious journals and magazines. Having guided about a dozen scholars for their dissertation on different topics, he is currently engaged in research on a project sponsored by the Orissa Sahitya Academy.
Books of J.K. Sahu